Building a deck in Breckenridge, CO, or other high-altitude locations (around 9,600 feet) requires extra considerations due to the unique environmental conditions. The high elevation, fluctuating temperatures, snow, and UV exposure create challenges that need to be addressed to ensure the deck is safe, durable, and functional. Here are some key factors to consider when building a deck at high altitude:
Weather and Temperature Extremes
- Freeze/Thaw Cycles: Breckenridge experiences cold winters with snow and ice, and it can get quite warm in the summer. Materials should be able to handle freeze/thaw cycles, which can cause warping, cracking, or splitting over time. Composite or PVC decking is a good choice for this reason since they are less likely to absorb moisture and are more resistant to temperature fluctuations than wood.
Snow and Ice: Since snow can accumulate and ice can form in the winter months, your decking and railings should be designed to handle this. Consider slip-resistant surfaces for both the deck and stairs to reduce the risk of slipping. Composite decking often provides better traction in icy conditions compared to wood.UV Exposure: At higher altitudes, the sun’s UV rays are more intense. This increased exposure can cause materials like wood to fade or deteriorate over time. UV-resistant composite decking, like Trex or TimberTech, helps minimize fading and wear from the sun’s rays.
Snow Load and Structural Integrity
- Increased Snow Load: The weight of snow and ice buildup can put a lot of stress on deck structures. Make sure the deck’s frame is designed to handle the additional load from snow accumulation. For snow-heavy areas like Breckenridge, it’s essential to have a structural engineer assess the design to ensure it complies with local snow load requirements.
Deck Design for Snow Management: Consider the angle of the deck and any roof or covering over the deck to encourage proper drainage and prevent snow and ice from sitting on the surface. A pitched roof or angled deck can help snow and rain shed off the structure more effectively.Corrosion-Resistant Materials: For deck fasteners, nails, screws, and other hardware, use stainless steel or hot-dipped galvanized steel that will resist rust and corrosion from snow, ice, and the higher humidity levels in winter.
Elevation-Related Material Choices
Expansion and Contraction: High altitudes can cause significant expansion and contraction of materials due to temperature fluctuations. Composite materials typically handle these shifts better than wood, making them a safer choice in Breckenridge’s variable temperatures.
Lightweight Materials: If access to the construction site is difficult, using lighter materials that still offer durability can make the installation process easier. Composite decking and aluminum railings are lighter than traditional wood and easier to work with in remote or high-altitude locations.
Wind Considerations
- Wind Resistance: Breckenridge can experience strong winds, especially in the winter. It’s important to ensure that your deck’s railing system is wind-resistant and sturdy. Railings that are too thin or lightweight might not provide the needed support. Make sure the deck frame is properly anchored and the railings are designed to withstand the local wind conditions.
Deck Access and Mobility
- Easier Access: For elderly individuals or those with mobility challenges, ramps may be more important in high-altitude homes where stairs could be difficult to navigate due to snow or ice. Ensure that the deck is easily accessible with gradual inclines or ADA-compliant ramps. Consider adding non-slip ramps and wide stairways for easy navigation.
Proper Drainage
- Water Drainage: Proper water drainage is crucial in high-altitude environments to avoid standing water and prevent ice formation. Be sure to install adequate drainage systems to allow for proper runoff of rain and melting snow. If water isn’t properly drained, it can lead to issues like wood rot (if using wood decking) or cracking in poorly installed composite decking.
Fire Safety
- Fire-Resistant Materials: Breckenridge, like many mountain towns, is susceptible to wildfires during certain seasons. Consider using fire-resistant materials, such as composite decking, metal railings, and other non-combustible materials, to help reduce the risk of fire spreading to or from your deck.
Clearance from Flammable Vegetation: Make sure your deck is at least a safe distance from any trees or shrubs that could contribute to spreading fire.
Building Codes and Permits
- Local Building Codes: Breckenridge, like other high-altitude areas, has specific local building codes due to the challenges posed by snow, ice, and winds. Be sure to check with the town’s building department to ensure your deck meets all required standards for snow load, structural integrity, and materials. Working with a local contractor experienced in high-altitude construction can ensure you’re meeting all necessary code requirements.